@article {1638816,
	title = {Somatic mosaicism reveals clonal distributions of neocortical development},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {604},
	number = {7907},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022 04},
	pages = {689-696},
	abstract = {The structure of the human neocortex underlies species-specific traits and reflects intricate developmental programs. Here we sought to reconstruct processes that occur during early development by sampling adult human tissues. We analysed neocortical clones in a post-mortem human brain through a comprehensive assessment of brain somatic mosaicism, acting as neutral lineage recorders1,2. We combined the sampling of 25 distinct anatomic locations with deep whole-genome sequencing in a neurotypical deceased individual and confirmed results with 5 samples collected from each of three additional donors. We identified 259 bona fide mosaic variants from the index case, then deconvolved distinct geographical, cell-type and clade organizations across the brain and other organs. We found that clones derived after the accumulation of 90-200 progenitors in the cerebral cortex tended to respect the midline axis, well before the anterior-posterior or ventral-dorsal axes, representing a secondary hierarchy following the overall patterning of forebrain and hindbrain domains. Clones across neocortically derived cells were consistent with a dual origin from both dorsal and ventral cellular populations, similar to rodents, whereas the microglia lineage appeared distinct from other resident brain cells. Our data provide a comprehensive analysis of brain somatic mosaicism across the neocortex and demonstrate cellular origins and progenitor distribution patterns within the human brain.},
	keywords = {Cells, Cultured, Clone Cells, Microglia, Mosaicism, Neocortex},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-04602-7},
	author = {Breuss, Martin W and Yang, Xiaoxu and Schlachetzki, Johannes C M and Antaki, Danny and Lana, Addison J and Xu, Xin and Chung, Changuk and Chai, Guoliang and Stanley, Valentina and Song, Qiong and Newmeyer, Traci F and Nguyen, An and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Sydney and Hoeksema, Marten A and Cao, Beibei and Nott, Alexi and McEvoy-Venneri, Jennifer and Pasillas, Martina P and Barton, Scott T and Copeland, Brett R and Nahas, Shareef and Van Der Kraan, Lucitia and Ding, Yan and NIMH Brain Somatic Mosaicism Network and Glass, Christopher K and Gleeson, Joseph G}
}
