@article {153041, title = {A sequence motif within chromatin entry sites directs MSL establishment on the Drosophila X chromosome.}, journal = {Cell}, volume = {134}, number = {4}, year = {2008}, month = {2008 Aug 22}, pages = {599-609}, abstract = { The Drosophila MSL complex associates with active genes specifically on the male X chromosome to acetylate histone H4 at lysine 16 and increase expression approximately 2-fold. To date, no DNA sequence has been discovered to explain the specificity of MSL binding. We hypothesized that sequence-specific targeting occurs at "chromatin entry sites," but the majority of sites are sequence independent. Here we characterize 150 potential entry sites by ChIP-chip and ChIP-seq and discover a GA-rich MSL recognition element (MRE). The motif is only slightly enriched on the X chromosome ( approximately 2-fold), but this is doubled when considering its preferential location within or 3{\textquoteright} to active genes (\>4-fold enrichment). When inserted on an autosome, a newly identified site can direct local MSL spreading to flanking active genes. These results provide strong evidence for both sequence-dependent and -independent steps in MSL targeting of dosage compensation to the male X chromosome. }, keywords = {Animals, Base Sequence, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, DNA-Binding Proteins, Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila Proteins, Female, Male, Nuclear Proteins, Transcription Factors, X Chromosome}, issn = {1097-4172}, doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.033}, author = {Alekseyenko, Artyom A and Peng, Shouyong and Larschan, Erica and Gorchakov, Andrey A and Lee, Ok-Kyung and Kharchenko, Peter and McGrath, Sean D and Wang, Charlotte I and Mardis, Elaine R and Park, Peter J and Kuroda, Mitzi I} }